Postseason Access in NCAA Division I Sports

Some collegiate sports have a smaller tournament field because not all Division I universities field that sport. In other words, a small tournament field made sense for a small number of teams having the sport. The selection percentage of all NCAA Division I sponsored collegiate sports to the postseason are as follows (numbers based on the current membership directory of Division I Schools; percentages are all approximate):

Division I Sport Selected Total Percentage Postseason Field Games/Sessions
Men's Basketball 114 365 31.2% 68-Team NCAA Tournament
32-Team National Invitational Tournament
8-Team College Basketball Crown
105 Total Postseason Games:
67 NCAA Tournament Games
31 National Invitational Tournament Games
7 College Basketball Crown Games
Women's Basketball 148 363 40.8% 68-Team NCAA Tournament
32-Team Women's Basketball Invitational Tournament
48-Team Women's National Invitational Tournament
145 Total Postseason Games:
67 NCAA Tournament Games
31 WBIT Games
47 WNIT Games
Baseball 64 308 20.8% 64-Team NCAA Double Elimination Tournament 126-153 NCAA Tournament Games
Softball 64 308 20.8% 64-Team NCAA Double Elimination Tournament 126-153 NCAA Tournament Games
Men's Soccer 48 213 22.5% 48-Team NCAA Tournament 47 NCAA Tournament Matches
Women's Soccer 64 350 18.3% 64-Team NCAA Tournament 63 NCAA Tournament Matches
Men's Lacrosse 18 77 23.4% 18-Team NCAA Tournament 17 NCAA Tournament Games
Women's Lacrosse 29 134 21.6% 29-Team NCAA Tournament 28 NCAA Tournament Games
Men's Volleyball 12 31 23.4% 12-Team NCAA Tournament 11 NCAA Tournament Games
Women's Volleyball 64 348 18.3% 64-Team NCAA Tournament 63 NCAA Tournament Games
Men's Ice Hockey 16 62 25.8% 16-Team NCAA Tournament 15 NCAA Tournament Games
Women's Ice Hockey 11 40 27.5% 11-Team NCAA Tournament 10 NCAA Tournament Games
Men's Tennis 64 237 27.0% 64-Team NCAA Tournament 63 NCAA Tournament Games
Women's Tennis 64 306 20.9% 64-Team NCAA Tournament 63 NCAA Tournament Games
Field Hockey 18 83 21.7% 18-Team NCAA Tournament 17 NCAA Tournament Games
Bowling 19 39 48.7% 19-Team NCAA Tournament 36-43 Total Postseason Matches
Men's Water Polo 8 29 27.6% 8-Team NCAA Tournament 7 NCAA Tournament Games
Women's Water Polo 9 37 24.3% 9-Team NCAA Tournament 8 NCAA Tournament Games
Men's Golf 81 312 25.6% 81-Team NCAA Tournament Performance is based on total team stroke play to determine the final 8 teams
7 Playoff Matches
Women's Golf 72 286 25.2% 64-Team NCAA Tournament Performance is based on total team stroke play to determine the final 8 teams
7 Playoff Matches
Men's Gymnastics 12 15 80% 12-Team NCAA Tournament 5 NCAA Sessions
Women's Gymnastics 36 86 41.9% 36-Team NCAA Tournament 5 NCAA Sessions
Beach Volleyball 16 68 23.5% 16-Team NCAA Tournament 15 NCAA Tournament Games

All NCAA Division I Olympic sports give out automatic berths to teams winning their conference tournaments (or teams winning the conference regular season championships if sports do not hold conference tournaments), with others sweating out for at-large berths via the selection committee. Nearly every NCAA Division I postseason formats are single elimination, except for the following sports:

Baseball and Softball

Baseball and Softball use a full double-elimination format and best-of-three series. Here is a breakdown how many games an NCAA tournament in baseball and softball would contain:

Round Number of Teams Minimum Total Games Maximum Total Games
Regionals 64 96 112
Super Regionals 16 16 24
College World Series 8 12 14
National Championship 2 2 3
Total 126 153

Each regional has a minimum of six games. With 16 regionals, that would be a minimum of 96 regional games. If both regional finalists have not lost twice after six games, a necessary Game 7 would then happen. The maximum with 16 regionals would then go up to 112 regional games. The Super Regionals is a best-of-three, where the first team to win two games would advance to the College World Series (CWS). Since there would be 8 matches of best-of-three, there would a minimum of 16 games. If all three super regional matches play three games, there would be a maximum of 24 games. Each half of the college world series has a minimum of six games. By combining two halves together, that would be a minimum of 12 CWS games. If both semifinalists in one match have not lost twice after six games, a necessary Game 7 would then happen. By combining two halves together, that would be a maximum of 14 CWS games. The National Championship is the final best-of-three. A third game would be needed if both teams are still tied after two games. The first team to win two games would be crowned the National Champion. In total, the minimum number of postseason games would be 126 games, while the maximum would be up to 153 postseason games.

Performance-Based Postseasons

Wrestling, track and field, cross-country, fencing, rowing, swimming, and diving, skiing, and rifling utilizes team performances from individuals using either a combination of selecting individuals in corresponding brackets and point systems or just a point system from individual performances.

Bowling

Bowling use a single-elimination format for the play-in games, a double-elimination format for the regionals and semifinals, and a best-of-seven series for the finals to determine a National Champion. Here is a breakdown how the bowling tournament would work:

Round Number of Teams Minimum Total Games Maximum Total Games
Regionals 19 27 31
Semifinals 4 5 5
National Championship 2 4 7
Total 36 43

Men's Golf

Men's Golf Tournament works as follows:

Round Number of Teams
First Round 81
Regionals 30
Final Bracket 8

In Men’s Golf, the top 81 teams in Men’s Golf qualify for stroke play. Three regionals will have 14 teams in each regional, while the other three will have 13 teams in each regional. The top five teams in each regional advance to the regional finals. Out of the 30 teams, the top eight teams with the lowest scores from stroke play will then advance to the match play tournament. The 8-team match-play tournament would determine the National Champion in men’s golf.

Women's Golf

Women's Golf Tournament works as follows:

Round Number of Teams
First Round 72
Regionals 30
Final Bracket 8

In women’s golf, the top 72 teams will qualify for stroke play, pitting 12 teams in each of the six regionals. The top five teams in each regional advance to the regional finals. Out of the 30 teams, the top eight teams with the lowest scores from stroke play will advance to the match play tournament. The 8-team match-play tournament would determine the National Champion in women’s golf.

Note that all postseason tournaments invite all conference champions in Division I sports. The FBS division can definitely integrate a 32-team playoff and have them coexist with bowl games without increasing the invitation to teams to bowl games.

No one can always assume that any team with one of the best overall regular season records will win the championship. This is why the postseasons in NCAA Olympic sports are formidable. All postseason tournaments can be anyone’s game and any qualified team, regardless of overall record, can win it all. Even the top qualified overall teams will be on the wrong end of upsets and end their postseason run unexpectedly (such as a 16-seed defeating a 1-seed or an undefeated team losing in any tournament).

Why is entrenching against changes to the postseason the problem in college football? The feeling of entrenchment against major changes to the postseason is damaging the college football postseason landscape and not necessarily solving the problem to determine the national champion, even if the FBS earns high revenue from those staying entrenched to the idea that overstayed their welcome. For examples: